Questions 10/10

1) What are the two clauses that guarantee freedom of religion?  Explain each clause.

The two clauses that guarantee freedom of religion are the establishment clause and the free exercise clause. The establishment clause says, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion." While the free exercise clause says that Congress not prohibit the exercise of religion.

2) How has religion continued to be a part of public life?  Give three examples.

Religion has continued to be a part of public life because many public officials take their oaths of office in the name of God, the nations coins say "In God We Trust," and the Pledge of Allegiance says "one nation under God."

3) What was Everson vs. the Board of Education about?  What was the outcome?

Everson vs. the Board of Education was about a challenge to New Jersey law allowing the state to pay for transportation to and from parochial schools. The outcome was that the law was constitutional because it benefitted students rather than aiding religion directly.

4) Discuss two cases in which education and religion have come into conflict.

Two cases in which education and religion have come into conflict are Wolman v. Walter, in which the government allowed the use of state-supported buses for transportation to and from school but not for field trips, and Board of Education v. Allen, in which the Court allowed the state to provide nonreligious textbooks to parochial schools.

5) List three tests the Supreme Court uses to determine if government aid to parochial education is constitutional.

Three tests that the Supreme Court uses to determine if government aid to parochial education is constitutional are that they must have a clear secular, non religious purpose, it may not advance or inhibit religion, and it must avoid "excessive government entanglement with religion."

6) How did the principle the Supreme Court established in Reynolds vs. United States limit free exercise of religion?

The Supreme Court limited the free exercise of religion by making a law against polygamy constitutional.